Modeling a Three-Stage Biological Trickling Filter Based on the A2O Process for Sewage Treatment

Biological trickling filters are widely used for sewage treatment. This study models a biological filter based on an anaerobic–anoxic–oxic process (A2O–BTF), established by combination of aerobic and anaerobic technology. The performance operational parameters were analyzed using Sumo, commercially available wastewater treatment (WWTP) simulation software. the conventional three-stage (Three-Stage–BTF), single-stage (Single–BTF) was compared, which indicated higher A2O–BTF in terms COD, TN, NH3-N, TP removal. optimized Sumo software, results showed that removal efficiency pollutants increased raising temperature to range 13.94–21.60 °C. dissolved oxygen (DO) reactor enhanced under saturation concentration 2.2–2.6 g O2/m3. In addition, optimization reflux ratio promoted pollutants, maximum COD achieved at 2.25, NH3-N TP, 0.75. provides proof-in-concept demonstration software modeling can be useful tool assisting design operation processes.